{"id":310523,"date":"2025-05-26T02:41:49","date_gmt":"2025-05-25T23:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/?p=310523"},"modified":"2025-05-26T02:42:29","modified_gmt":"2025-05-25T23:42:29","slug":"%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%ac%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/310523\/","title":{"rendered":"“\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645: \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645” (3) \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u061f<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u064d \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 (Jean Piaget). \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627”.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/span>
\n“\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646.” (Piaget, 1973)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\""\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a
“\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645: \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645” (3) \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647: \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1896\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0626\u064a” (\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627).<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a (2 \u2013 7 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a (egocentric).<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 (7 \u2013 11 \u0633\u0646\u0629)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (12 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642)<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637.<\/strong><\/span>
\n“\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644.” (Piaget, 1971)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 (Assimilation): \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 (Accommodation): \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 (Equilibration): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647:<\/strong><\/span>
\n“\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u061f<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629: \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644: \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a: \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a (\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a).<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a: \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647: \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639: <\/strong><\/span>
\n1. Piaget, J. (1971). Biology and knowledge: An essay on the relations between organic regulations and cognitive processes. University of Chicago Press.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2. Piaget, J. (1973). To understand is to invent: The future of education. Grossman.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3. Woolfolk, A. (2016). Educational psychology (13th ed.). Pearson.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4. Driscoll, M. P. (2005). Psychology of learning for instruction (3rd ed.). Pearson.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u061f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f\u064d \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":145,"featured_media":310525,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1069,45267],"tags":[38763,47143,47085,47144],"class_list":["post-310523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1069","category-45267","tag-38763","tag-47143","tag-47085","tag-47144"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/145"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=310523"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/310523\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/310525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=310523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=310523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=310523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}