{"id":309063,"date":"2025-05-02T14:31:28","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T11:31:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/?p=309063"},"modified":"2025-05-02T14:31:28","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T11:31:28","slug":"%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%81-%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b9%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/309063\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a: \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u062f\u0632\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0631\u062f\u062c"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (<\/strong><\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0636\u064d \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0622\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 “\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631” (1784-1785).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 “\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629” (1789). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0634\u063a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645” (1790-1793) \u0648”\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629” (1794)\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u064f\u062b\u064f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 “\u0645\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646” (1804-1808) \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633” ) 1804-1820). \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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