{"id":307993,"date":"2025-04-18T14:14:50","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T11:14:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/?p=307993"},"modified":"2025-04-18T14:17:41","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T11:17:41","slug":"%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1-%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/307993\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 :\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644: \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (4) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631: \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 (2018): “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/a> \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629”.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064d \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a (1916): “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f”.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0632 (2019): “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629”.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 (OECD) \u0641\u064a 2022\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 40%.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 (1970) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 (2018): “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0631 (1970): “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629”.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644. \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 Edmodo \u0648Google Classroom \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0643 (2018): “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627”. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u064a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (VR) \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f (2020): “\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 50%”.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a (1916): “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629”.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and Education. New York: Macmillan.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- Kolb, D. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Prentice Hall.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- OECD. (2022). Education Policy Outlook Finland. Retrieved from www.oecd.org.<\/strong><\/span>
\n5- Robinson, K. (2018). Creative Schools: Revolutionizing Education from the Ground Up. Penguin Books.<\/strong><\/span>
\n6- Stanford University. (2020). The Impact of Interactive Technologies on Learning. Stanford Education Reports.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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