{"id":303221,"date":"2025-02-07T02:39:05","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T23:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/?p=303221"},"modified":"2025-02-07T02:39:05","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T23:39:05","slug":"%d8%ac%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a4%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-19-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/303221\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629: \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 (19) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a (Epstein, 2011).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Anderson-Butcher et al., 2010).<\/span><\/strong>
\n2- \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Henderson & Mapp, 2002).<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 (Bryk et al., 2010).<\/span><\/strong>
\n3- \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span>: \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a (Sahlberg, 2011).<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>: \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (OECD, 2018).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 15% \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 (ILO, 2021).<\/span><\/strong>
\n2- \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 25% (UNESCO, 2022).<\/span><\/strong>
\n3- \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (World Bank, 2023).<\/span><\/strong>
\n4- \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 (Epstein, 2011).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a: \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 (Bryk et al., 2010).<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628: \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/strong>
\n2- \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 (Anderson-Butcher et al., 2010).<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (Epstein, 2011).<\/span><\/strong>
\n2- \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0648\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/strong>
\n3- \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 (Henderson & Mapp, 2002).<\/span><\/strong>
\n4- \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0626\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627: “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.” \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- Anderson-Butcher, D., Stetler, G., & Midle, T. (2010). A Case for Expanded School-Community Partnerships in Education. Children & Schools, 32(1), 39-47.<\/span><\/strong>
\n2- Bryk, A. S., Sebring, P. B., Allensworth, E., Luppescu, S., & Easton, J. Q. (2010). Organizing Schools for Improvement: Lessons from Chicago. University of Chicago Press.<\/span><\/strong>
\n3- Epstein, J. L. (2011). School, Family, and Community Partnerships: Preparing Educators and Improving Schools. Routledge.<\/span><\/strong>
\n4- Henderson, A. T., & Mapp, K. L. (2002). A New Wave of Evidence: The Impact of School, Family, and Community Connections on Student Achievement. Southwest Educational Development Laboratory.<\/span><\/strong>
\n5- ILO. (2021). Vocational Training and Youth Employment.<\/span><\/strong>
\n6- OECD. (2018). Education and Skills: The Role of Employers in Education.<\/span><\/strong>
\n7- Sahlberg, P. (2011). Finnish Lessons: What Can the World Learn from Educational Change in Finland? Teachers College Press.<\/span><\/strong>
\n8- UNESCO. (2022). Education for Sustainable Development: Community Partnerships.<\/span><\/strong>
\n9- World Bank. (2023). Community-School Partnerships in Developing Countries.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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