{"id":302716,"date":"2025-01-27T21:27:34","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T18:27:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/?p=302716"},"modified":"2025-01-27T21:27:34","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T18:27:34","slug":"%d8%ac%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a9%d8%b1%d8%a4%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-9-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/3agelmasr.com\/post\/302716\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629:\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 (9) \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644. \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/a> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d Maslow (1943) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 Kohlberg (1981) \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062f Bandura (1977) \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b Livingstone \u0648Helsper (2007) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 Goleman (1995) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b Vygotsky (1978) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/strong><\/span>
\n1- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 Bronfenbrenner (1979) \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a (Cooperative Learning) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b Johnson \u0648Johnson (1999).<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627: \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Sahlberg, 2011).<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646: \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Lewis, 1995).<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a” (SEL) \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 (Durlak et al., 2011).<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (Bertram & Pascal, 2002).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1- Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Prentice Hall.<\/strong><\/span>
\n2- Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.<\/strong><\/span>
\n3- Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. Bantam Books.<\/strong><\/span>
\n4- Kohlberg, L. (1981). Essays on moral development: Vol. 1. The philosophy of moral development. Harper & Row.<\/strong><\/span>
\n5- Lewis, C. (1995). Educating hearts and minds: Reflections on Japanese preschool and elementary education. Cambridge University Press.<\/strong><\/span>
\n6- Sahlberg, P. (2011). Finnish lessons: What can the world learn from educational change in Finland? Teachers College Press.<\/strong><\/span>
\n7- Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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